Information
Able Seaman Heald's Log
of the First Voyage of the
Royal Research Ship Discovery


Note: This log was obtained from,
the Social Studies Department,
Northern College,
Aberdeen and Dundee, Scotland

Departure from Dundee, Scottland, Wednesday, July 31, 1901

The Antarctic exploring vessel Discovery was built in Dundee by the Dundee Shipbuilding Company in February 1900 and was launched in November 1900 by Lady Markham. Left Dundee the 3rd of June 1901 after being fitted out for East India docks London to provision and take necessaries for the Cruise. She is built of the best British oak, the inner lining being American Elm and Dutch Pine above the water line outside skin is comprised of Greenhart and Iron Bark blacked with asbestos to prevent the cold and damp coming through. She is a barque rigged ship (no royals, double topsails) with auxiliary engines of 450 HP. Length overall 170 ft, Beam 35ft, draught 20ft, Tonnage 800, displacement 1500 tonnes, Speed of knots Coal Capacity 400 tons, fitted with electric light, steam and windmill dynamo of 50 volts, also secondary battery. Propeller fitted so as to be lowered or raised as the occasion requires. Crew and Officers and Scientists 48 all told.

-Officers-

Capt. Scott RN.; Capt. Armitage (Navigator).RNR; Lieut Royds RN; Lieut. Bruce RN; Lieut. Shackleton RNR; Mr Skelton E RN, Dr Koettlitz, Dr Wilson; Mr Hodgson (Biologist); Mr Ferrar (Geographer); Mr Feather (Bosun); Mr Daly (Corp); Mr Selbridge (ENC 2nd); Mr Ford (steward); Mr Brett (Chief Cook); Mr Bernacchi (Physicist)

-Seamen-

PO.1 Crosbie; PO.1 Allan; PO.1 McFarlane; PO.1 Smythe; PO.2 Evans; CM Dunicary; AB Miller; AB Joyce; AB Handsley, AB Pilbeam; AB Walker; AB Bonner; AB Heald; AB Dell; AB Peters; AB Crean; AB Croucher; AB Wild; AB Weller; AB Vince; PO.L Kinnaird; AB Williamson

-Stokers-

Ashley PO.l; Quarterly PO.1; Whitfield, PO.1; Page PO.2; Plumley (pto 1st); Hubert (M)

Midroom Staff

Scott (marine); Blissett (M); Clarke (cooks mate); Hare (N.Z.)


31st July 1901 Wednesday

Cast off from the jetty and warped out in the stream. People cheering us off. Ships and other vessels that we passed blowing sirens etc, training ships Exmouth, Worcester, and Shaftesbury manning yards as we passed them on our way to Cowes to see the King prior to our departure.

-August-

Thursday 1st
Painting and refitting gear. 9 pm anchored in Stokes Bay Southend and gave leave.

Friday 2nd
Holystoned decks and washed down in the forenoon, afternoon painting, trimming sails, etc. Gave leave ashore.

Saturday 3rd
Got under weigh and swung compasses. 3 pm anchored in Stokes Bay and gave leave ashore till Monday 8 am.

Sunday 4th
Usual routine, had visitors aboard with a letter from G M Hawkins. Wind fresh and sea choppy.

Monday 5th
Got under weigh and proceeded to Cowes. Made fast to one of the yachts buoys. The King, Queen and Princess Victoria came aboard and had a look at us and the ship after which presented Capt. Scott with the Victorian Order and made a speech. As he was leaving we manned the rigging and gave three cheers. Went ashore on leave.

Tuesday 6th
Preparing to weigh, had lots of visitors aboard. 7 bells piped visitors out of the ship. 11.40 slipped the buoy and started for our first port of call Madeira. 2.15 engines stopped to drop friends, etc,. of the captain and officers. 8 bells went in the bunkers. 9 pm passed Portland.

Wednesday 7th
days run 154 miles
Blacking down aloft, set fore and aft sail, trimming coal. Scientists getting gear shipshape in the laboratories. Reeled the 5000 ft wire on the sounding machine. 10 am slipped the shores of England. Served out tobacco.

Thursday 8th
days run 155 miles
Finished blacking down aloft, and preparing sounding apparatus. Set sail on foremast. Last dog watch. Heavy ground swell

Friday 9th
days run 149 miles
Under Sail and Steam, preparing dredgers, etc. Furled sails 8 bells.

Saturday 10th
days run 139.1/2 miles
Cleaning up the ship for Sunday. 7 am set sail and braced round on starboard tack. Weather fine.

Sunday 11th
days run 169.1/2 miles
Divine Service on the upper deck tried our little piano. Lieut. Royds organised. Heavy ground swell. Ship rolling heavily.

Monday 12th
days run 174 miles
Restowing Provision holds, overhauling boats, etc. Weather fine. Under sail and steam.

Tuesday 13th
days run 165 miles
Overhauling and restowing shipway gear. Making grabs of ropes. Had a concert on the upper deck . Weather fine.

Wednesday 14th
days run 164 miles
Trying the patent sounding gear. Lost the foremast. One wire parting. Land sighted at noon, anchored in Funchal Bay Madeira at 3.30

Thursday 15th
days run
Ship coaled by natives. Finished and washed down. Gave leave ashore till 11 pm. Went horseriding etc.

Friday 16th
Weighed anchor and proceeded to set under sail wind falling light got up steam Dr Mills, Scientist, left us.

Saturday 17th
days run 100 miles
Cleaned up the ship for Sunday. Weather fine

Sunday 18th
Days run 160.1/2 miles
Passed the Canary Isles at 5 am this morning. Divine Service. Weather fine

Monday 19th
days run 166 miles
Fine weather had a lecture on oceanography by Prof. Murray FRS with lantern slides

Tuesday 20th
days run 191 miles
Fitting changing gear aloft. Tried one of the large trawl nets astern and lost the net

Wednesday 21st
days run 165 miles
Strung up various nets and fishing tackle to dry. Various stations used net for file and abandon ship (drill).

Thursday 22nd
Run 145 miles Lat. 170 22" N Long. 200 7.1/2" W
Refitting gear. 4 am shortened sail. Wind heading W and furled, trimmed yards to the wind. Plentiful whales sighted. Weather fine

Friday 23rd
days run
153 miles Lat. 140 50" N Long. 200 25.1/4" W
Weather squally. Discovered water in fore hold, started unstowing provisions at 1.30 pm. Worked till 8 bells pm. Spliced main brace.

Saturday 24th
Run 144 miles Lat. 120 30" N Long. 200 40"W
Weather squally with rain. Turning out the fore hold water over the kelson

Sunday 25th
run 84 miles Lat. 110 N Long. 2 IW
Divine Service. Sighted Castle Liner. First since leaving Madeira. Weather fine, under sail alone

Monday 26th
run 102 miles
Restowing fore provision hold, having pumped her out. Weather fine

Tuesday 27th
Run 141 miles
Restowing the fore hold and examining the wet provisions. Great deal damaged and slipped overboard. Heavy swell but weather fine.

Wednesday 28th
Run 93 miles
Examining and restowing tinned meats etc. Weather fine. Sea choppy. 10 am altered course to 40 E

Thursday 29th
Run 120.1/2 miles
Still on with the fore hold etc. Tonight had a lecture on life under the ocean by Mr Hodgson (biologist)

Friday 30th
Run 120 miles
Setting up topmast stays etc. Set fore and aft sail. Tonight King Neptune visited the Captain and gave him a permit to cross the Line.

Saturday 31st
Run 152 miles
Stopped engines at 12.30 under sail. Port tack. At 2 pm Neptune and his staff came aboard and after the usual formalities commenced christening the green-horns and imparting the mysteries of the Southern Seas after which he bid us an elaborate farewell and departed.

Sunday September 1st
Run 135 miles

Monday 2nd
Run 146 miles
Divine Service as usual. Passed a sailing ship well to windward doing odd jobs and stowing fore hold and bosun's stores.

Tuesday 3rd
Splendid weather with a fine breeze speed 5 knots. Stowing holds etc.

Wednesday 4th
Run 114 miles
As usual in work .

Thursday 5th
Run 135 miles.
As usual in work.

Friday 6th
Run 118 miles .
Finished forehold

Saturday 7th
Run 120 miles
Fresh breeze, very quiet, weather fine

Sunday 8th
Run 123 miles
Divine Service etc. after pipe down

Monday 9th
Run 110 miles
2.15 pm passed steam. 5.45 furled sail. Left tripsails on her, painted the deck aft.

Thursday 10th
Run 133 1./2 miles
Painting under top-gallant foc'sle . Took in fore and aft sail. Dog watch. Weather fine

Wednesday 11th
Run 11 miles
Painting under top-gallant foc'sle and aft round the round-houses. 1.30 pm made sail again. 8 pm concert on the upper deck. 11 pm took in flying jib

Thursday 12th
Run 135 miles
7 am furled sails. 1.30 made sail again, then furled sail. Booby bird caught (gannet)

Friday 13th
Sighted Trinidada, Lat 48 N Long 20 S. Landed parties ashore. Fishing for sharks, etc., aboard. Shot several gulls. Did not anchor, kept under steam. Shore party aboard 5 pm with birds etc. 5.50 pm headed for the Cape

Saturday 14th
Run 83 miles
Usual routine, weather fine

Sunday 15th
Run 143 miles
Divine Service, weather fine. 12 noon made sail

Monday 16th
Run 178 miles
Usual routine

Tuesday 17th
Run 161 miles
Usual routine

Wednesday 18th
Run 184 miles
9.40 am stopped engines. Under sail. Fine breeze.

Thursday 19th
Run 162 miles
Stiff breeze, sea choppy. Knocked about a great deal. Heavy seas.

Friday 20th
Run 119 miles
Weather cleared up. Fine breeze.

Saturday 21st
Run 125 miles
Set up Fore topmast backstays, weather fine.

Sunday 22nd
Run 86 miles
Divine Service, albatross caught. Weather fine, measured 9 ft from tip to tip of its wings. Rigged up a fore top mast "studin sail" - 5 pm.

Monday 23rd
Run 137 miles
Squalls with rain.

Tuesday 24th
Run 134 miles
Squalls with rain. Fore top-gallant sheets carried away.

Wednesday 24th
Run 120 miles
Weather cleared up. Fine breeze.

Thursday 26th
Run 174.1/2 miles
Beat main top mast stay sail and set it. Encountered heavy breeze. 6 pm took in top-gallant sails. 7 bells middle watch set them again. Weather cleared.

Friday 27th
Run 139.1/2 miles
Took in main topmast staysail. Set spanker. Set fore topgallant. Heavy swell.

Saturday 28th
Run 164 miles
Weather unpromising. Ship rolling heavily. Sounded in 6 bells middle watch.

Sunday 29th
Run 154 miles
Divine Service.

Monday 30th
Run 162 miles
Painting etc, weather fine.

Tuesday 1st October
7 am passed steam. 409 miles from the Cape. 7.30 am started engines, paid money. 12.30 furled sails for harbour. 6.30 "bosun" "spliced main brace"

Thursday 3rd
7 am land in sight. 5 pm entered Capetown docks and moored alongside jetty to coal. Went ashore town full of soldiers.

Friday 4th
Coaled by kaffirs. Finished at 5 pm. 6 pm left for Simons Town under steam
Tucker Mardon A.B. left to join the Cape Police.

Saturday 5th
Arrived in Simons Bay 11.30 am . Made fast to the jetty. Went ashore.
HMS Monarch, Pheobe, Gibraltar, Basilisk, Dwarf and Penelope in harbour.

Sunday 6th
Ashore, went aboard the Monarch and had dinner. Went ashore again with Wild's brother.

Monday 7th
Refitting gear, recaulking the decks and cleaning ships bottom.

Tuesday 7th
Ditto

Wednesday 9th
Dirty weather.

Thursday 10th
Weather cleared.

Friday 11th
Weather cleared.

Saturday 12th
Bill Waterman left us and fancied HMS Gibraltar homeward bound.

Sunday 13th
Went out of harbour and swung compass. 7 pm anchored.

Monday 14th
Geoff Murray FRCS left us and then headed out of the harbour. Cheered by the Ships in harbour. Gibraltar hands playing us out.

Tuesday 15th
Run 136 miles
Weather fine.

Wednesday 16th
Run 135 miles
Lat 370 10" S Long, 220 29" E. Made sail, dirty weather.

Thursday 17th
Run 119.1/2 miles
Lat. 380 59" S Long. 280 54" E. Weather fine.

Friday 18th
Run 164 miles
Lat 390 47" S Long. 220 27" E. Fine.

Saturday 19th
Run 133.1/2 miles
Fitting topsail sheets


Sunday 20th
Run 156.1/2 miles
Divine Survey. Trying temp[erature] kites. Lost two of them. 1 am squall struck us with rain. Took in mainsail and topmast staysail.
Lat 420 40" S Long. 330 38" E

Monday 21st
Run 207 miles
Lat 450 02" S Long. 370 04" E
6 bells. Set main sail and top mast staysail. Weather moderated, 4.35 set spanker. Spliced main brace in memory of Nelson (Trafalgar day).

Thursday 22nd
Run 172 miles
Squally with rain, stopped engines, under sail alone,
Lat 450 S Long 400 57" E

Wednesday 23rd
Run 163 miles
No change in the weather, ship rolling heavily. 4.30 am hailstorm.

Thursday 24th
run 157 miles
Fitting chafing gear, no change in the weather
Lat 440 37" S Long. 480 25" E

Friday 25th
Run 136 miles
Drizzle and foggy. Lat 450 36" S Long. 510 19" E

Saturday 26th
Run 170 miles
No change. Lat. 450 48" S Long. 550 20.1/2" E

Sunday 27th
Run 217 miles
Divine Service, weather rough during service. Pulpit fell down and the "bosun" sat on it .
Lat. 460 30 S Long. 600 27" E
Partial Eclipse of the moon 7 and 8 pm.

Monday 28th
Run 200.1/2 miles
In the "Roaring Forties"
153 miles WNW of the Kerguelen Straits
Heavy weather. 3.30 pm lurched heavily, took in a sea and flooded everything.
Set the upper topsail
Lat 470 24" S Lat 650
11" E

Thursday 29th
Run 209 miles
Weather moderated. Served out clothing.
Lat 460 55" S Long. 700 15" E

Wednesday 30th
Heavy weather with snow and sleet
Lat. 470 38" S Long. 740 4" E

Thursday 31st
Run 223 miles
Fine breeze during day, during night squally with snow and hail
Lat. 470 49.1/2" S Long. 790 35" E

Friday 1st November
Run 201 miles
Breeze fresh and increased to half a gale with snow squalls. Mainsail furled at 6.30 pm.
Lat 460 55.1/4" S Long.840 21" E

Saturday 2nd
Run 210 miles
Heavy snow squalls
Lat 460 51.1/2" S Long 890 28E

Sunday 3rd
Run 164 miles
Divine Service. Finest day since we left the Cape.
Lat 460 38" S Long 930 27E

Monday 4th
Run 116 miles
Fog and drizzle, cleared up at 10 am. Wind dropped, raised steam and started engines at 3.50 pm Set storm spanker at 5 pm.
Long. 950 51E Lat 470 41 S

Tuesday 5th
Run 188 miles
Sighted a whale.
Lat. 480 44" S Long. 1000 17" E

Wednesday 6th
Run 146 miles
Fine day, light breeze.
Lat. 500 10" S Long. 1040 6" E

Thursday 7th
Run 192 miles
Fog till 10 am, cleared up. A fine day.
Lat. 570 17" S Long. 1080 50" E

Friday 8th
Run 157 miles
Rain, Aurora Australis seen. Set up mizzen rigging.
Lat. 510 50" S Long. 1120 45" E

Saturday 9th
Run 157 miles
Made sail. Sopped engines at noon and proceeded under sail at 12 am.
Lat. 510 40" S Long. 1160 59" E

Sunday 10th
Run 216 miles
Heavy snow squalls. Divine Service.
Lat. 500 51 S Long. 1220 30" E

Monday 11th
Run 146 miles
Heavy sea running, and snow squalls. Ship labouring heavily.
Lat 510 20" S Long 1260 23" E

Thursday 12th
Run 149 miles
Started engines at noon.
Lat. 510 49" S Long. 1300 18" E

Wednesday 13th
Run 184 miles
Breeze moderate, snow at intervals.
6 pm took in topgallant sails. 9 pm took in mainsail.
Lat.540 33" S Long.1320 36" E

Thursday 14th
10.30 am stopped engines. Under sail alone topgallant f'csle afire through paraffin lamp falling. Quickly put out at 3 am.

Friday 15th
Run 140 miles
Wind dropped, started engines. At 7 am took soundings and lost the lead of the patent machine. Engines stopped at 9 pm - sail alone.
Lat 590 18" S Long. 1080 2" E

Saturday 16th
Run 161 miles
Ice sighted for the first time at 11 am. 3 pm in the Pack. 4 pm took soundings and got 2000 fathoms. 5 pm lowered a boat and shot some specimens of birds. 7 pm under way again. Started engines at 8 pm. Furled sails. Snowing heavily. Spliced the main brace.
Lat. 610 46" S Long. 1400 12" E

Sunday 17th
Cleared the Pack and in open water at 11 am. Sighted small berg. Divine Service
Lat 610 20" S Long 1450 E

Monday 18th
Moderate breeze with snow and sleet. Made sail 9.30, trying to find Emerald Isle [which is] supposed to lie between this Latitude and New Zealand.

Tuesday 19th
Run 180 miles
Moderate breeze stopped engines at 3.30 pm, 940 miles from the Puares, an island 60 or 70 miles South of N. Zealand.
Lat. 590 8" S Long. 1470 55: E

Wednesday 20th
Run 118 miles
Wind dropped, raised steam. 7 am adjusted compasses. Furled sail.
Lat 570 26" Long. 1570 44" E

Thursday 21st
Run 142 miles
Drizzle. Took soundings with patent machine. Wire cut on account of kinks at 4 pm .
Lat. 560 31 S Long. 1560 19" E

Friday 22nd
Land in sight at 9 am. 4.50 pm anchored off McQuarie [Island 31 0 S 147 31 E]. Parties landed for penguins which were plentiful, and eggs. Killed two sea lions and took their skins aboard. 9.40 pm weighed [anchor] and stood out to sea.

Saturday 23rd
Run 160 miles
Engines stopped 6 pm. Breeze moderate
Lat. 520 53" S Long. 1600 17" E

Sunday 24th
Run 164 miles
Divine Service. Fresh Southerly breeze.
Lat. 520 12" S Long. 1630 54" E

Monday 25th
Run 130 miles
Under steam, passing Auckland at 9 am. Rolled 560 to Starboard. Heavy sea and wind. Topsails and foresail set.
Lat 500 30" S Long. 1660 1 E

Tuesday 26th
Run 176 miles
Weather moderated. 6.45 pm wind fell and headed. Sails furled down.
Lat 480 30" S Long. 1690 49" E

Wednesday 27th
Wind light, splendid sunrise, noon New Zealand in sight
Run 100 miles Lat. 470 12 S Long. 1700 32" E

Arrived at New Zealand and anchored in the roads on Thursday 28th and dropped anchor as the bells struck 8 midnight. Pilot came aboard and doctor. Sent a boat ashore with Mr Shackleton for letters. Next day went up harbour and moored alongside the jetty.

While there we refitted, painted and got dished up in dry dock, and being twice in dry dock the leak not being stopped.

Were entertained by Mr Rhodes (Mayor of Christchurch) Members of the Sydenham Club at Christchurch also Members of the Working Men's Club at Lyttleton in the Oddfellows Hall. Visited Gapanui, Kaipoi and New Brighton.
Splendid scenery. Went to Maroi Camp at Thaipoi. The Sunday before leaving, a special service was held by the very Rev. Canon Pollock. Took in stores - 50 sheep a gift from the New Zealand farmers, upper deck cargoes of coal 50 ton, 25 sledge dogs and other things. Prior to leaving the Bishop of Christchurch had a Service aboard after which we cast off from the jetty and left Lyttleton harbour, cheering and being cheered by the people ashore. Followed by the ships, Cygnet, John Anderson, Canterbury, Kirnutaka, Delphic, and others, some playing bands outside. HMS Ringaroona and Lizard accompanied us for a short way. Just as the last vessel stopped Charlie Bonner fell from the main truck and was killed. Made for Dunedin accompanied by the Ringaroona and made fast to the wharf at Port Chalmers. Bruner was at half past 5 pm on the 23rd of December and in the morning took in coal and made our final departure on the 24th for the Antarctic.

Journey South 1901

Wednesday December 25th
Run 215 miles
Christmas day, i.e. noon stopped engines and proceeded under sail.
Festivities postponed to some future time on account of our recent loss. My birthday. Divine Service
Lat. 490 14" S Long. 1700 2" E

Thursday 26th
Run 162 miles
Weather moderate. Sheep rather down. 3 killed today.
Lat. 500 51" S Long. 1700 03" E

Friday 27th
Run 128 miles
Weather fine, albatross caught by Dr Wilson.
Lat. 540 01" S Long. 1700 49" E

Saturday 28th
Run 54 miles
11 am set Fore and aft sail. Another albatross caught. Furled square sails in the middle.
Lat. 540 04" S Long. 1710 08" E

Sunday 29th
Run 122 miles
Divine Service. Weather fine. Took in fore and aft sail and set square sails. Stopped engines. 7 bells forenoon, another albatross caught.
Lat. 560 54" S Long. 1700 28" E

Monday 30th
Run 136 miles
Weather fine. Killed 3 sheep.
Lat 590 09" S Long. 1710 07" E

Tuesday 31st
Run 148 miles
Weather foggy and drizzle. Last day of the old year, struck 16 bells, spliced the main brace.
Lat. 610 04" S Long 1750 33" E

January 1902

Wednesday 1st
Run 127 miles
New Years day. Quiet, very cold.
Lat. 620 05" S Long. 750 43" E

Thursday 2nd
Run 120 miles
Sighted 3 bergs, small. 2 to windward, 1 to leeward.
Lat. 650 01" S Long. 1760 54" E

Friday 3rd
Run 116 miles
Pack ice to windward. 2 am pack entered at 9 am. Killed a seal. 1.45 pm furled sail, took soundings - 2040 fathoms. 10.30 made sail again
Lat. 660 54" Long. 1780 15E

Saturday 4th
Run 71 miles Wind heading us. Clewed up sails. Got more seals. 10.40 under sail again. 4.30 clewed up again. Made fast to the floe and took in ice.
Lat 680 2" S Long. 1780 44" E

Sunday 5th
No darkness for the last 8 or 9 days. Divine Service. Kept up Christmas and New year tied to a floe. Had ski on for the first time. Spliced the main brace in the evening. Piano on the upper deck

Monday 6th
Run 35 miles
Killed 10 sheep. Made fast to a floe and took in fresh ice. Got a seal. Wind gone. Clewed up .
Lat. 680 20" S Long. 1750 18" E

Tuesday 7th
Run 32 miles
Got another seal (leopard). In heavy pack ice. Got 3 more seals (crab). Had seal for dinner [for] first time.
Lat. 680 52.1/2" S Long. 1750 38" E

Wednesday 8th
Run 95 miles
Got a seal. Clear water 8 am ahead. 10 am entered. Killed 15 sheep. Penguin found in a seal's stomach (leopard species) on being cut open. Soundings -1450 fathoms. 1.30 pm took in all sails.
Lat. 700 09" S Long. 1730 11" E

Thursday 9th

Sighted Victoria Land in the first watch. 3.30 pm in the ice again. Off the land made sail 3 am. Very heavy ice near the Land as we approached. Several large bergs off the land. Anchored 4.30 pm in Kobenson Bay, Cape Adair [Adare]. All hands landed examined the Strait of the Southern Cross and other things. Left some. Visited the grave of Dr Stansen, who died during their stay there. Penguins plentiful.
Lat 710 20" S Long. 1730 E

Friday 10th
3 am up anchor and left Cape Adair for Possession Island 30 miles from here. Left letters etc. in the Hut for the relief ship. Slow work forcing through the [ice] pack, very heavy and closely packed.

Saturday 11th
Running off the coast of Victoria Land. Desolate to look at, no vegetation whatever, covered in snow and ice.
Passed Possession Island at 10.30 am. Did not call in there. 5 pm heavy snow storm. Killed 9 sheep.

Sunday 12th
Run 40 miles
Divine Service. Weather clear and cold.
Lat. 730 S Long. 1710 56" E

Monday 13th
10 miles NE of Coulman Island. Half a gale blowing. Making little headway. Got under lee of the Island at 4 pm. Soundings 108 fathoms. Dredged 1.1/2 miles from shore. Hauled up 11.30. Good haul.
Temp today 25.50 to 27.50 +

Tuesday 14th

Under lee of Coulman Island. Heavy gale (70 to 90 miles an hour). Unable to land. Temp 270 f

Wednesday 15th
Gale increased with sleet and snow. Storm staysail one mass of ice. 4.40 just missed collision with a berg. 1 pm weather greatly moderated. Captain landed and left official letters ashore on a post. 10.20 entered Lady Newnes Bay and made fast about 12 pm.

Thursday 16th
Killed 31 seals. Made fast to a large floe and took in ice. Several penguins caught (emperor species). Worked all night.

Friday 17th
Hanging sail meat in the mizzen rigging. Making for Wood Bay. Mount Melbourne in sight. Passed through heavy pack.

Saturday 18th
Failed to enter Wood Bay on account of the pack ice.
Soundings - 368 fathoms.

Sunday 19th
Still steaming along the barrier. Passed 3 large bergs. 6 pm Mt Erebus in sight - 110 miles away
Divine Service. Furled sail - no wind.
Temp 24.50 +

Monday 20th
In the pack, Mounts Terror and Erebus plainly visible. Navigator making alterations in charts of Ross' and Borchgrevink's. Trying to force our way through the pack .
Lat. 770 5" S Long. 1630 E

Tuesday 21st
Unable to force our way up McMurdo Bay through the heavy pack. 10 pm put ship around and made for the Barrier.

Wednesday Jan 22nd
Passed Cape Crozier 1 pm large glacier at the foot of Erebus. Passed two bergs at 4.30 am.
Great Barrier in sight 9 am 7 am passed Beaufort Island. Landed letters etc at Cape Crozier. Large numbers of penguins here and Skua gull (robber). Shore lined with small bergs - difficult to land.

Thursday 23rd
Running along the barrier. Very imposing sight. Height varies a great deal. Soundings today - 460 fathoms.

Friday 24th
Fine weather but very cold. Soundings just off the barrier - 340 fathoms. At 4 pm - 350 fathoms.

Saturday 25th
Still running the Barrier down. Made sail at 5 am. Took it in at 8 pm. Soundings at 4 am - 312 fathoms.

Sunday 26th
Entered a large fissure in the barrier 15 miles in length.
Ship then in Latitude 780 31" S Long. 172 W

Monday 27th
Started in ice at noon. Put down the dredge and got some specimens of ocean life.

Tuesday 20th
Soundings - 210 fathoms. Barrier much more uneven and taking a southerly direction.
Lat 780 25" S Long. 1660 390 W

Wednesday 29th
Foggy and bitter cold. Soundings along side barrier - 370 fathoms.
Lat. 780 32" S Long. 1960 50" E

Thursday 30th
Soundings at 2 am 260 HB
Dredge lowered. Good level in 100 fathoms.
Mr Ferrar examining the bergs not far from us in the whaler.

Friday 31st
3.30 took in ice. Sighted land not seen before. Bergs all round and small pack ice. Got locked in the ice. Cleared ourselves then made for Winter Harbour in McMurdo Bay if possible to get in.
Lat 760 82" S Long. 2070 31" E

Saturday February 1st
New ice forming some places several inches thick. Weather clear and fine but cold. Passed large bergs. Grounded. Soundings - 180 fathoms.
Lat 760 11" S Long. 2070 14" E

Sunday 2nd
Divine Service. Furthest latitude south reached by the ship.
Lat 780 43S Long 2070 31" E

Monday 3rd
Entered a fissure in the barrier at 4 pm. Small sledge party left.
Mr Armitage in charge and Mr Bernacchi(S)
Cross, Handsley, Joyce Seaman and Joe, one of the dogs in the Southern Cross.
Had a game at football on the snow till 11 pm.

Tuesday 4th February
5 am out sealing. Got several for food. Inflated Eva the balloon (8000 ft). Took 19 tubes to instead her ? of 16 each of 570 (cap). Height attained 690 ft (captive wire attached). 4 pm sledge party returned having beat the record
Ski party farthest South 790 3.1/2" S Lat 1940 59.1/2 E Long.
Sledge Camp 780 53.1/2" S Lat.1940 59/1/4 E Long.
Position of Ship 780 49.1/2" S Lat. 1950 29 E Long.
under weigh at 7.30 pm.

Wednesday 5th
Making for winter quarters
Made plain sail 1.30 am . Spliced main brace.

Thursday 6th
Stopped engines 3.3.0 pm . Heavy fog.
4 am just missed a berg. Preparing gear for wintering.

Friday 7th
Foggy, heading for Cape Crozier.
Furled sail for winter. Heavy fall of snow. Stopped engines 9.10 pm and let the ship drift. Position NE of Erebus.

Saturday 8th
Forcing through McMurdo Bay. 8 am lit up another boiler. Found out that Erebus & Terror are not joined to the mainland. Made fast to the ice pack at 11.30 pm.

Sunday 9th
Divine Service. 2 to 5 pm remooring of ship, having broken away. 7 to 10.30 pm - football on the ice.

Monday 10th
Got ice in and blasting with guncotton.

Tuesday 11th
Got Winter Huts ashore and levelling off a place. Ship grounded astern, striking heavily once or twice. Snapped two hawsers heaving her off. Had a game on the ice football

Wednesday 12th
Ship broke away from her ice anchors. Buried the small anchors aboard and secured her again.

Thursday 13th
Building up the hut till 5 pm. Had a football match officers v men. Officers won by 1 goal.

Friday 14th
Clearing ship of shore gear. Mill and Miller making dogs' harness.
Mr Bernacchi and Mr Armitage trying the dogs in the sledges.

Saturday 15th
Weather fine, clearing up the ship.

Sunday 16th
Ice broke up and spoiled our football ground. Shifted ship's berth.
Divine Service

Monday 17th
Fine day. Remooring ship. Steward broke his leg while on ski. Went over the ice foot. Brought him back on small sledge.

Tuesday 18th
Blowing hard and cold. 8 am wind fell. Building huts and windmill dynamo on the "foc'sle'. Mr Armitage and Bernacchi trying the dogs in sledges.
8 pm breeze sprung up stern hawser parted. Got (starboard) anchor ready to let go but was not required.

Wednesday 19th
Ship tore up her moorings ahead during the previous night. Put them down again and then building the huts, etc. 4.30 hauled ship clear of the pack. Wind blowing fresh.
Lieut. Shackleton RNR, Dr Wilson and Mr Ferrar (Geog) left to explore island 20 miles distant. Temp + 120

Thursday 20th
Fine day. Hut building etc.
5.30 pm got under weigh and anchored again. Open hawser. Launched her, stern to the foot. Made fast 3.1/2 wire. Came on to blow during the night and filled her ice anchor up . Temp + 140 190

Friday 21st
Blowing all day and cold. Remooring ship and building huts and dynamo.
8.30 Lieut. Royds fell overboard but a boat being astern swam to her and got aboard . Temp +100 150

Saturday 22nd
Strong breeze. Clearing up the ship. Dr Koettlitz lectured on frost bites - 6pm. Piped down 12 noon. Sledge Party returned all well 11 pm.
Temp -50 + 7.50 Fahrenheit.

Sunday 23rd
Divine Service, after "pipe down"
Temp +90 150

Monday 24th
Filling 150 bags of coal for the Hut. Ship dragged her stern mooring.
Temp + 50 140

Tuesday 25th
Took oil tankers to the Hut and rubber gear for shore use
Temp + 250 300

Wednesday 26th
Provisioning hut which is nearly complete.
Temp + 270 290

Thursday 27th
Preparing sledging gear for a party to Cape Crozier to alter our dispatches. Temp + 240 370

Friday 28th
Finished the Hut and windmill dynamo and had a trial with the dynamo. Very satisfactory. Captain hurt his knee through slope running on ski.
Temp. 280 300

Saturday March 1st
Cleaning up ship. 12 noon pipe down.
Temp. 280 30+

Sunday 2nd
Divine Service after "pipe down". Sledge party preparing to go.
1st party with 3 sledges and dogs,
Lieut. Royds in charge.
Quarterly, Vince, Wild, Miller, seaman.
2nd party 3 sledges and dogs
Lieut. Barne in charge
Heald, Evans, Plumley, Hure, seaman.
Provisioned for 21 days for Crozier .
Temp. 150 200 +

Monday 3rd
Weather rough. Sledge party delayed
Temp 110 +

Tuesday 4th
Sledge Party left 11 am. Had a stiff climb up the slopes. Unpacked sledges and carried the gear over the stones to the other side of the hill. Had lunch, packed up and started again

Wednesday 5th }
Thursday 6th } Sledging
Friday 7th } on the way to Crozier hard going
Saturday 8th }

Sunday 9th
Camped all day

Monday 10th
Returning to the ship, could get no further on account of deep snow. Knee deep
Lieut. Royds, Dr Koettlitz and Mr Skelton, going to try and push on ski with one small sledge.

Tuesday 11th
Got aboard 9 pm. All lost in the blizzard on the hills. {Sledge] fell over the ice foot into the water and was lost. Party got separated owing to the thickness of the drift.
3 got aboard. Captain sent out search parties and all were recovered but two - Hare and Vince. Ships sirens going all night.

Wednesday 12th
Search party out looking for missing men. No trace yet. All the dogs but one recovered. Sledges which were left behind brought back.

Thursday 13th
Party landed to overhaul sledging stores. 10.30 am Hare returned to the ship, not frostbitten and well after 48 hours exposure on the hills. All cheered him. 4.30 weighed and steamed round the point to look for Vince. No trace of him. Found no chance where he slipped and fell over on ice slope and a drop of 150 ft into a rough sea.

Friday 14th
Breeze fresh and cold. Working ashore.
Wind increased to a gale in the evening
Temp. 60 +

Saturday 15th
Wind light, cleared up ship.
12 noon Pipe down, Mr Bernacchi sleeping in hut tonight. Observations being taken.
Temp 80 +

Sunday 16th
Divine Service. Froze in with new ice.
Temp 60

Monday 17th

17th of Old Ireland. Weather squally.
Temp 150

Tuesday 18th
Weather fine. Usual work
Temp 150 +

Wednesday 19th
Lieut. Royds, Mr Skelton, eng and Dr Koettlitz back again. Failed to get dispatches owing to the travelling and weather.
Temp 140

Thursday 20th
Preparing to lay depots for the Southern Sledging party.
Temp 140 to 170

Friday 21st
Ship's birthday. Spliced main brace. Work as usual.
Temp 140 +

Saturday 22nd
Cleaning up ship. Piped down 12.
Temp + 110 210

Sunday 23rd
Divine Service wind and snow
Pipe down after service
Temp +40 -90

Monday 24th
Weather fine. Ship in ice again. Working about sledging gear.
Temp -0 4 +120

Tuesday 25th
Slight drift. Preparing sledging gear.
Temp +70

Wednesday 26th
Wind and drift heavy. Ice broken up. Ship free again. Work as usual.
Temp. -20 -80
Mr. Ford, ships steward ,able to use crutches now. 35 days in bed.

Thursday 27th
Breeze dropped 9 am. Working on the sledging gear.
Temp -50 90

Friday 28th
Good Friday. Divine service. Seals plentiful. Played football on the ice.

Saturday 29th
Cleaning up ship. Took 4 sledges over the hills in the afternoon for the Depot party and left them at the foot of the Gap.
Temp -90

Sunday 30th
Easter Sunday. Divine Service. Took 2 more sledges to the foot of the Gap already to start.
Temp -120

Monday 31st
Southern Depot party left to make depots at about 11.30 am with 18 dogs and 8 sledges.
Capt. Armitage Nav. ; Capt. Scott in charge
Mr Ferrar Geog. Dr Wilson
Mr Feather Bosn. Mr Selbridge
Seamen D Allan, N McFarlane, M Smythe, J Walker, Williamson, N Blissett.


Source: Northern College, Aberdeen and Dundee, Scotland

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